The Nba Player s Association - 1415 Words

Professional sports have been a passing time in our generation and more importantly a business. Over the years sports have gained millions of viewers and fans. Sports arenas and stadiums seats have been sold as a result millions of dollars have been made through professional sports. Before social media and mass media shined light to life as a professional athlete, we were unaware of exactly what went on behind the curtains between the athletes and the organization that they played for. Despite the fact that athletes can earn a lot of money at the highest level, they also experience bad work conditions, dissatisfied with how they are treated, unreasonable pay and benefits, and the organization not being interested in their well being. According to an article by Andrew Flint, â€Å"The NBA Player’s Association was founded in 1954 with Bob Cousy of the Boston Celtics as the first president. It wasn’t recognized by the owners until 1964 when the players threatened to boycott the first televised All-Star Game† (Flint, 2013). The NBA labor union was created because â€Å"prior to the union players in the NBA received no pensions, no healthcare, no pier Diem, no minimum wage, and an average salary of $8,000† (Flint, 2013). In the NBA specifically unions still exist for the players that are not superstars that need representation when they are mistreated by the NBA. â€Å"Unionization offers employees a method for countering employers’ powers to unilaterally change employment conditions.Show MoreRelatedNba vs Wnba1115 Words   |  5 PagesNBA vs WNBA Victor Zuniga Composition and Communication I June 30, 2013 Abstract We are going to talk about the differences about the National Basketball Association and the Woman National Basketball Association. Because right now the popularity on the WNBA is known than the NBA, mainly because of the excitement of the NBA brings to the fans is a lot more entertaining than the WNBA, obviously because in the NBA have more money to pay their players and to have nice venue. An interviewRead MoreSocial And Economic Impacts Of The Industrial Revolution1553 Words   |  7 PagesCousy, a six time NBA champion, perennial All-Star, and the 1957 Most Valuable Player of the National Basketball Association created the player union titled The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) in 1954. Team owners gave the NBPA recognition in 1957; however, due to a lack of interest from the players and a lack general organization, the NBPA was not taken seriously by anyone, and as a result did not accomplish anything. This all began to change in the 1960’s and 70’s , as the dynamic combinationRead MoreTaking a Look at Basketball1299 Words   |  5 Pagesplayed with a soccer ball, Tony Hickle in the 1950’s searched for a ball that would be more visible to the players and spectators. In the 1920’s dribbling was introduced to make it easier for the player with possession of the ball to move around to either shoot or pass the ball. Basketball became a national sport that was played in colleges and in the NBA, which formed on August 3rd, 1949. That elite association consists of the best players in the world who were drafted after 4 years ofRead MoreThe Basketball Association Of America Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor basketball associations (the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League) were completely controlled by the franchises within each organization and their owners. The beginning of the player’s union movement came in 1954, when Bob Cousy began to organize the NBPA (National Basketball Players Association) by writing to an established player from each of the league’s teams in hopes of encouraging solidarity among the players. From 1946 to 1949 players used the two opposingRead MoreIs Michae l Jordan Or Lebron James?1572 Words   |  7 Pages there have been many amazing players to be a part of the NBA. The NBA, also known as the National Basketball Association, is not only the foremost men’s professional basketball league in North America, but is also widely considered to be the top-ranking men’s professional basketball league in the world. One of the most controversial topics in the history of NBA today is whether Michael Jordan or LeBron James is the best player to ever be a part of this association. James began his career with theRead MoreHow Collective Bargaining Agreements Effect The Players And The Owners1416 Words   |  6 PagesAgreements (CBA), Unions, arbitration and strikes/work stoppages you are absolutely correct. In the coming paragraphs, labor relations within the world of sports will be discussed from their unions to how collective bargaining agreements effect both the players and the owners. What is a Collective Bargaining Agreement? CBA is a written and signed document between a company and a labor organization specifying the terms and conditions of employment for a specified period of time. The written agreement isRead MoreSummary Of Magic Johnson And Larry Bird1066 Words   |  5 PagesThe National Basketball Association (NBA) has transformed over the many of years as an organization and a brand, into a multibillion-dollar business that draws thousands and thousands of fans to each and every game. Many contributing factors have made the NBA what it is today, but the main cause of this gain in interest is the ultimate rivalry between two remarkable players, Earvin â€Å"Magic† Johnson and Larry â€Å"the Legend† Bird. The battling rivalry amongst these individuals is comparable to the feudRead MoreThe National Basketball Association Was Forever Changed1528 Words   |  7 PagesNational Basketball Association was forever changed. The NBA and its commissioner agreed to a collective bargaining agr eement. The agreement included Article X which is now known as â€Å"The One and Done Rule†. The document stated that to be eligible for the NBa a player must be at least 19 years old and have to be out of high school for one year. Article X was created to prevent high school players from entering the NBA when they were clearly not ready. It was also created to promote players at a collegiateRead MoreHow Basketball Is So Great1035 Words   |  5 Pagesathletic distraction to an overall disruptive group of students. Naismith was inspired by a game he had played as a child called â€Å"duck on a rock,† in which players lobbed a small rock at a duck placed on top of a large rock in an attempt to knock the duck off. Using a soccer ball, two peach baskets placed 10 feet up in the air, nine players on each team, and a set of 13 basic rules, Dr. Naismith invented the game of basketball. The first game was played on December 21, 1891. One of the rules thatRead More The Chang ing Face Of Basketball Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pages The Changing Face of Basketball Basketball has come a long way since its soccer ball and peach basket beginnings in that its style, players, facilities and leagues have developed dramatically and gained tremendous popularity. Salaries have increased from Bob Cousys minute $45.00 a game (Minser 37) to Michael Jordans $300,000 + per game (Minser 37). Basketball is a sport in which all ages can participate in any way, shape, or form and is a big part of American society today. In 1891 James A.

Team Assignment Free Essays

My original community was in Hartland, Wisconsin. This is a predominately caucasian population. Most of the families that I grew up around were extremely wealthy and came from happy families. We will write a custom essay sample on Team Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Community members in this area were most likely to contribute to the community with their monetary donations rather than volunteering. My neighborhood alone was populated with Lawyers, Doctors, Pharmacists, Dentists and the ever famous â€Å"Businessman. † Those were the fathers that no one really knew what their job entailed. Every so often a more modern family would move into the neighborhood, in my case, that was my family. A single mother and a her only child. My mother was a grocery store manager, a difficult task in its self but nothing as important, to other people, as a Doctor. The mothers of the families with fathers who made the â€Å"bread† would often get together for afternoon walks around the town, and baking nights. Community events took place mostly in the summer as Wisconsin is bitter cold in the winter. During the summer months community members would all gather on the streets downtown and sing and dance and drink. There would also be cookouts at the town grocery store in honor of different charities and school programs in the area. I would work the cook outs for my basketball team and track teams. It was a nice time and it allowed everyone to get together in the summer. Everyone in our community was nice, respected and respectful. When something would happen, such as an accident with high school students, it would effect the entire town. We had upstanding members of our community like the Chief of Police, who was a father of a daughter in my grade. He created a memorial for all the students who were lost in high school. It still stands tall in our town square. After we lost young members of our community, firefighters, police officers, emergency medical transponders would volunteer their off time to give speeches to all ages about the dangers of being un-responsible behind the wheel. Men of the community stepped up and pushed for a curfew for anyone under the age of 18. Tragedy made my community stronger and more resilient. As a community I think our town did everything it could to give its residents a beautiful, safe, welcoming town to call home. I am so proud to call Hartland, Wisconsin a part of my life. As a member of the community, I think that being a good student, working at the local stores, and watching community children makes me a good member of the community. As a member of that community in my heart still, I send my monetary donation bi-annually for park maintenance and keeping the community clean. How to cite Team Assignment, Papers

Fatigue Effects Acute Placement Shift Work â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Fatigue Effects Acute Placement Shift Work? Answer: Introducation The number of nurses in the hospitals and nursing homes are not in harmony with the patient ratio. As a result the work pressure gets transported over to the shoulders of the diploma students in the nursing care. The scenario is worse in the Acute placement unit. This long working hours and that too in shift generates fatigue among these diploma students who are new in this practical field (Yoder, 2010). The study also showed that fatigue makes them feel coerced into working. The diploma students are not aware of the kind of hard work prevalent in the acute placement care and such training gives them the scenario of the harsh reality, which make them feel more fatigue. According to Wei, Chen, Li, Chen Chen (2015), nurses (diploma students) who have to work for the night shift, creates the risks of additional fatigue and they tend to commit medical mistakes. The guilt of making mistakes increases stress; the stress further brings fatigue and dissatisfaction among the nurses. The scen ario gets worse for the nurses, who are recruited for the night duty and immediately on the next day, their roaster change into day hours duty. The loss of sleep causes drowsiness and the outcome is fatigue (Albers, Francke, de Veer, Bilsen Onwuteaka-Philipsen, 2014). Sometimes the cognitive behavioral problems are seen and they fail to focus on their duty, hampering patient- nurse relationship. Wu, Chi, Chen, Wang Jin, (2010) defined that the occupational stress affects the physiological as well as psychological state. The nurses are forced to work extra hours, their mental health gets damaged and they fail to focus on their functions and productivity decreases (Xie, Wang Chen, 2011). Methodology and data collection For the research work, the researcher will use the deductive approach with the interpretivism philosophy along with descriptive design is appropriate. For the data analysis, contextual data analysis along with the interview- questionnaire method will be used. 10 diploma students in nursing in acute placement will be chosen for the survey (random-stratified sampling). Ethics Approval It is the duty of the researcher to maintain the Data Protection Act (1998) while conducting the research. However, in the research study, the researcher will maintain the rules of the ethical consideration to avoid the legal issues. Before conducting the research, the researcher will obtain approval from the institutional committee and the hospital where the diploma nurses are attaining the training. The researcher will try to avoid the biasness so that the errors can be reduced and stored the data of the participants in a safe place. The researcher will only use the data for the research purpose and will strictly avoid the personal or emotional questions that can hurt the participants. Moreover, the researcher will not force the participants to take part in the research study the interested participants will be selected only after providing the dully-signed consent. Research Schedule Main activities/ stages Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Data collection from secondary sources Creating layout Literature review Formation of the research Plan Selection of the Appropriate Research Techniques Primary data collection Analysis Interpretation of Data Collection Findings of the Data Conclusion of the Study Formation of Rough Draft Submission of Final Work Validation, Reliability Nurses have a key contribution in patients overall wellbeing. The acute placement unit in the hospital demands strict nursing surveillance along with holistic care to the patients. However, fatigue arising out of the shift work can cast a significant impact on the well-being of the patient. The current study attempts to validate the how fatigue actually affects the well-being of the patient in the acute placement unit and the factors responsible for the generation of fatigue apart from shift work. The reliability of the data, obtained via survey questionnaire will be verified via citing references to previous research work. Data analysis The data analysis will be done via review of the literature along with qualitative analysis of the data obtained via open-ended question. Barriers to Research The sample size taken for this research is small and hence there lies a chance of bias responses, which may interfere with data analysis, leading to erroneous result. The researcher will try to limit the degree of biasness. The researcher has limited budget and time and these two factors will limit the overall scope and area of the research. The researcher also could not access adequate articles and journals, which needs to be cited due to the lack of adequate tome. Moreover, researcher failed to increase the sample size due to the lack of the proper funding. Therefore, in cumulative effect of the limited budget and time is, the researcher could not implement more relevant information in the research work. Moreover, in the all of the reviewed papers, articles, journals, newspaper articles and media content, there is no first-hand information that can challenge the reliability of the situation. So the research remain one sided as the researcher is unable to site counter active data to validate the findings. Sharing of research findings The current study identifies the factors contributing to the generation of fatigue among the diploma students of nursing who work in shifts in the acute placement unit of the hospital. The research findings would ultimately improve the quality of health care services and will serve as the secondary data for further research. References Albers, G., Francke, A. L., de Veer, A. J., Bilsen, J., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2014). Attitudes of nursing staff towards involvement in medical end-of-life decisions: a national survey study.Patient education and counseling,vol. 94(1), pp. 4-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.09.018 Wei, Y. P., Li, H., Chen, P., Li, J., Chen, H., Chen, L. L. (2015). Working experiences of nursing aides in nursing homes: A qualitative study.International Journal of Nursing Sciences,vol. 2(4), pp. 371-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2015.10.006 Wu, H., Chi, T. S., Chen, L. I., Wang, L., Jin, Y. P. (2010). Occupational stress among hospital nurses: cross?sectional survey.Journal of advanced nursing,vol. 66(3), pp. 627-634. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05203.x Xie, Z., Wang, A., Chen, B. (2011). Nurse burnout and its association with occupational stress in a cross?sectional study in Shanghai.Journal of advanced nursing,vol. 67(7), pp. DOI 1537-1546. 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05576.x Yoder, E. A. (2010). Compassion fatigue in nurses.Applied Nursing Resea, vol. 23(4), pp. 191-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2008.09.003

The World Heritage Case Study Australia

Introduction World Heritage sites are beautiful and wonderful places with great values attached to them due to their uncommon nature. According to the Department of Environment and Conservation: World Heritage: Shark Bay Heritage Area (2009, p. 1), world heritage sites are mysteries, and they bear great memories in those who visit them. In this paper, research will be concentrated on The Royal Exhibition Building, and Carlton Gardens found in Melbourne city in Australia.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The World Heritage Case Study: Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Royal Exhibition Building was constructed between 1879 and 1880 in Melbourne (Heritage Victoria: Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens n.d.). It was constructed at this particular point of time since it was to house the international exhibition in 1880. According to Sopray: Assessment of Significance (n.d., p.148), this site is si gnificant because it is one of the world’s 19th century exhibitions that remains standing. It is argued that this building shows the wealth and confidence of Victoria era in the 1870s. The Carlton Gardens are also significant since they serve as a habitat for many plants like palms, conifers, and evergreen trees. The Royal Exhibition Building and the Carlton Gardens are of great social significant to the people who interact with them, both the residents and the tourists (Sopray: Assessment of Significance n.d., p. 148). Primary Challenges Management Adiplock: REB CGWH Heritage Management Plan (2011, p. 8) stated that the Department of Environment and Heritage in Australia came up with some basic objectives of world heritage properties management in Australia. Some of the objectives that were set are to conserve and protect the world heritage value of the sites, to incorporate the protection of the site into a complete planning program and to ensure that people have knowledge concerning world heritage value of the property. The world heritage sites in Australia face challenges in accommodating tourism. The Department of the Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property (n.d., p. 58) highlighted that the royal exhibition building deals with huge crowds of tourists who visit this site each year. However, it is not overwhelmed by these huge numbers since it has upgraded some projects in management of the numbers. The Carlton Gardens are utilized by both residents and visitors since they are attractive and also located near the central business district of Melbourne. Each year, these sites are repaired after they have been used, and this maintains them in good conditions. On the other hand, the Australia Department of Environment and Heritage: Australia’s world heritage places (2010, p.2) argued that some caves are not accessible since they are restricted to tourists who may be eager to visit such places. However, to manage this challenge the management has provided light to other unrestricted areas in the same caves to ensure that there is save public viewing. This is one way which has been used to manage and protect the value that is attached to the caves. The walk tracks and picnic areas have also been improved in order to cope with the big number of tourists flowing in.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is development pressure affecting the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens sites. These sites cannot be sold or transferred to anyone without an Act of the Victorian state parliament. The environment protection authority in Melbourne supervises the quality of air in the city. Therefore, the issue of pollution is not a challenge in this city at all and there is no environmental pressure that can destroy the building and the gardens. This gives it a credit before the eyes of the tourists who freque ntly visit these attractive sites (Department of the Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property n.d., p. 58). According to the Department of Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property (n.d., p. 58), Melbourne is not a high-risk zone for volcanic disturbances; however, it has ever recorded some small earthquakes. The only risk to this building is fire since its large part is constructed using timber, which can catch fire easily. This risk is foreseen and therefore, a full sprinkler system has been installed, and fire alarms have been directly connected to the fire brigade in Melbourne. The fire brigade is located less than 500 meters from this site, and this becomes an advantage for The Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens. There are guards, a caretaker, and other staff that work and reside within this property. It is therefore maintained, and guarded for its value to be maintained throughout (Department of Environment and Heritage: Factors affect ing the property n.d., p. 58). According to the Australia Department of Environment and Heritage: Australia’s world heritage places (2010, p.2), the scientists who do research by collecting residue for investigation through digging are likely to destroy the world heritage sites. It is argued that there is a need for a balance to be observed to ensure that research is not done at the expense of the environment. The research methods should observe respect to world heritage values, local communities and traditional owners. However, research is important and it should be conducted in relevant areas to pave the way for improvement in the management of the world heritage.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The World Heritage Case Study: Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The royal exhibition building also experiences the challenge related to conservation and maintenance. According to Australian Government Department of the Environment, water, Heritage and the Arts: Challenges and management (2010, p. 1), this challenge is managed through the conservation management plan that involve risk preparedness. Carton Gardens are also managed through an environmentally sustainable way of watering and taking care of the tree which are over 110 years old. Funds have been obtained, which will be used to install water harvesting and storage systems underground. The management wishes to end this challenge through storing 900,000 litres which can ensure that Carlton Gardens is watered throughout. The Royal Exhibition Building and the Carlton Garden challenges are managed through the management plan that ensures that actions that are of unsustainable impact on the Royal Exhibition Building, and the Carlton Garden cannot be approved. This helps in conservation and management of the building. Department of Planning and Community Development, the royal exhibition and Carlton gardens: world heritage mana gement plan (2011, p. 5) highlights that management plan minimizes duplication in the general assessment and approval of actions that may impact on the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens. The management plan has also ensured that the Australian government, and the Victoria state ensures that the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens are protected and conserved in order to maintain its attractiveness and value. Tourism Pressures The Royal Exhibition Building and the Carlton Garden realize a high number of visitors and tourists throughout the year. There are fixed displays and guided tours through the employed staff. They usually take tourists through a slide show tour detailed on the construction of this property. This encourages the tourist to frequently visit since the place is conducive and through this interpretation, they are able to grasp a lot in terms of history of The Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens(Department of Environment and Heritage: Fac tors affecting the property n.d.).Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The staff members who are employed here are well trained to handle and address the needs of all the visitors, including those with special needs. This ensures that the tourists in this place feel accommodated when they receive the assistance they may be in need of in this strange place. This building also has a theatre section with audiovisual shows that are also used as a tour guide, they give more information that those who attend to visitors might not touch on. It is stated that over 300,000 tourists visit the Royal Exhibition Building with an aim of having commercial events every year. This shows that the number that visits this site per year is high hence the need to maintain it as a way of preserving nature and culture of the indigenous people in this place (Department of Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property n.d.). Due to the large numbers of people that Royal Exhibition Building receives, it has to provided accommodation, entertainment, restaurants, and sh ops. All these are geared to ensuring that the visitors are comfortable while visiting this site and also as a way of adding more value to The Royal Exhibition and Carlton Garden. These shops contain some of the products that are related to the Royal Exhibition Building; this makes them even more attractive to the tourists who visit this site for their first time. Security is ensured in this site and alarm are set 24 hours and also the securical companies patrol the whole building throughout to ensure protection to the site and the tourist inside this place (Department of Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property n.d.). Protection of the World Heritage Values The museum board is responsible for maintaining the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens sites. Commercial income stream funds the daily maintenance of the Royal Exhibition Building. Building, facilities, and venue management groups are involved in working within these sites and ensuring that everything is in order and ready for any tourists who may wish to visit at any time. The protection systems, especially against fire are maintained to ensure that any eventuality can be dealt with accordingly without interfering with the flow of the tourists visiting this site. UNESCO World Heritage Centre: Enhancing our Heritage Toolkit (2011, p 9) argued that it has become a priority for states to improve the effectiveness of protected areas through management and the best way to do so is through examining the management strategies and evaluate their effectiveness. This will give the states an opportunity to know what they need to change and come-up with lasting solutions that will curb such problems in the future. There is also need for the management of the world heritage sites to observe the balance that should exist between commercial and conservation values. Since these sites are important, Sheehan (n.d., p.7) highlights that there should be balance because if such sites are not protect ed they will be no more in the future. It is therefore, crucial that conservation values will not be assumed and in addition, commercial values should not be valued more than conservation. The operation manager, venue manager, office manager and casual staff are among the people who ensure smooth running of the sites. The Department of Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property (n.d., p. 25) stated that planning and management of the Carlton Gardens is done by the planning unit and the business support unit from Melbourne city. These exhibitions have brought balance between the world heritage values and tourist needs. Adiplock: REB CGWH Heritage Management Plan (2011, p. 8) stated that: â€Å"The exhibitions themselves brought people and ideas together on a grand scale, in diverse locations around the world, and greatly enhanced international social and economic links† (Adiplock: REB CGWH Heritage Management Plan 2011, p. 8). World Heritage Committee The World Heritage Committee comprises of 21 representatives from the state parties and they hold their meetings yearly. According to the World Heritage Committee: The World Heritage Committee (2011, p. 1), the world heritage committee decides how the finances are to be used in different areas of the properties. Through managing the finances, it is able to ensure that there are better standards in the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens. The world heritage committee also investigates the reports of conservation of each site and if poorly managed it requests the concerned state to take care and manage it properly. The committee also expects the state parties to report to them if any danger is about to happen or happens. The committee, therefore, takes the initiative to look for a way forward for such sites. According to World Heritage Committee: The World Heritage Committee (2011, p. 1), through the world heritage committee, the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens have ret ained their value and authenticity despite many such sites being no more. Through proper management, they have remained some of the tourists’ attractions in Australia, with their value of retaining culture and tradition being one of the reasons why many visitors visit these sites. References Adiplock: REB CGWH Heritage Management Plan 2011, Melbourne, Australia. Australia Department of Environment and Heritage: Australia’s world heritage places 2010, http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/education/pubs/factsheets/fossil-sites.pdf. Australian Government Department of the Environment, water, Heritage and the Arts: Challenges and management 2010, http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/education/pubs/factsheets/royal-ex-building-and-carlton-gardens.pdf Department of Environment and Conservation: World Heritage: Shark Bay Heritage Area 2009, http://www.sharkbay.org/what_is_world_heritage.aspx. Department of Planning and Community Development, the royal exhibition and Carl ton gardens: world heritage management plan 2011, http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/Planning–Building/Heritage/Royal-Exhibition-Building–Carlton-Gardens/ Department of the Environment and Heritage: Factors affecting the property n.d., Melbourne, Australia. Heritage Victoria: Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens n.d., Melbourne, Australia. Sheehan, John n.d., The conservation of national heritage building: the Australian experience, http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/56995/WHEA_Views_Vistas_Analysis.pdf. Sopray: Assessment of Significance n.d., Melbourne, Australia. UNESCO World Heritage Centre: Enhancing our Heritage Toolkit 2012, http://whc.unesco.org/documents/publi_wh_papers_23_en.pdf. World Heritage Committee: The World Heritage Committee 2012, http://whc.unesco.org/en/comittee/. This essay on The World Heritage Case Study: Australia was written and submitted by user Paloma Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Disability is not Inability Essays

Disability is not Inability Essays Disability is not Inability Essay Disability is not Inability Essay Why, pa, why me? Shiva cried out as he held a picture of his mother In his hand while his father tried to comfort him. Its okay. Son, everything is going to be fine, his father said with a little sniffle. No, how she could dead Just so? Dye say she was getting better! Shiva shouted. Shiva and his father, Angus, had Just come from the funeral of his mother, Janice, who had died after being treated for months for an aggressive tumor on her leg. He was the second of her two sons and, because he was a Downs Syndrome child, she devoted herself to his care and she had the sources to educate him because she was a trained teacher. It took him 2 years to walk and, even at 14, his speech was not clear. He had actually said his first words at 6 after much coaching. He was a hyperactive child, noisy, clumsy and restless but his mother was determined that he should develop every ounce of his potential. In this she was greatly helped by the special school he attended. He attended Lady Hooky Special School from the age of six months in the Early Intervention Programmer where his mother, a physiotherapist and volunteers did exercises to stimulate his brain. Then, as he grew, he was trained with speech therapy, occupational therapy, functional academics, social skills and basic life skills. Shiva had settled down nicely and was beginning to learn the lessons he was being taught when the tragedy struck. He was 14 and alone with his father who had played very little part in his life up to then and his brother who was about to leave for university. He was comfortable at Lady Hooky School where everybody knew him and he would have been happy to remain there but his father had other ideas. Im withdrawing Shiva from this school, he told the astonished principal who pointed out that Shiva still had a lot to learn. But Sir thats not the best idea because Shiva still has a lot more he can learn here. He should stay in school, said the principal trying to convince Kevin. No. Shiva is no longer attending this school, Kevin said while handing her the forms to confirm It. There was no way to convince him because, what he did not reveal, was that he w as unwilling to transport the child back and forth to Lady Hooky when his own school where he was the principal was on the other side of town. His plan which he immediately put into effect was to put Shiva to work in his school as a janitor. That way there was no transportation problem, Shiva would learn a skill and make some money. That Is exactly what happened. Angus got him a Job at Central Park School, assigned a worker to train him and Shiva before long mastered the simple, repetitive tasks involved in keeping a school clean. He took great pride in keeping the school spotless and would often pop into his fathers office to ask Pa, how you find I doing? His father would smile and say, Son, you doing great. I reel proud of you. During the Christmas vacation there was no work of any sort for Silva to do. So his father looked into getting him a Christmas job which was not an easy task as Shiva had a slight disadvantage. Then Kevin remembered that he was good friends with Keith Khan, owner of Keith Khans Bookstore, as they went to the same school, Queens Royal College and they talked occasionally. So he gave hell a call. Eye Keith my boy, was d scene? Said Kevin. I good boy. What going on? Replied Keith. Could come and work in the shop? Said Kevin. Yea of course he can come! Replied Keith happily. Tanks boy tanks a lot. Said Kevin gratefully. Shivas Job was to unpack the books onto the shelves and his weekly salary was pretty good which had him buoyant and his father was very proud of him. He kept that Job until school started back when he returned to his other Job. Angus and Shiva grew quite close. They went everywhere together. They went to cricket fete matches, running in the park, to the beach and even to the bar. Shiva began to imitate his fathers mannerisms as his father drank a beer, Just so he drank a coke asking for it o be beastly cold! By imitation and training, he was learning to be a man. Then Angus retired from his Job so Shiva retired also but while Angus was 60, Shiva was only 22 and needed to continue working. So Angus took Shivas savings and started a business which they called Shivas Cleaners. They bought a pick-up truck and a power washer and mops and brooms and Angus used his contacts to get Jobs. Now and he and Shiva were in business. Shiva loved working in and with water, he was good at what he did and he made an honest living. Disability is clearly not inability.

Definition and Examples of Generative Grammar

Definition and Examples of Generative Grammar In linguistics, generative grammar is grammar (or set of rules) that indicates the structure and interpretation of sentences which native speakers of a language accept as belonging to the language. Adopting the term generative from mathematics, linguist Noam Chomsky introduced the concept of generative grammar in the 1950s. This theory is also known as transformational grammar, a term still used today. Key Takeaways: Generative Grammar Generative grammar is a theory of grammar, first developed by Noam Chomsky in the 1950s, that is based on the idea that all humans have an innate language capacity. Linguists who study generative grammar are not interested in prescriptive rules; rather, they are interested in uncovering the foundational principals that guide all language production. Generative grammar accepts as a basic premise that native speakers of a language will find certain sentences grammatical or ungrammatical, and that these judgments give insight into the rules governing the use of that language. Definition Grammar refers to the set of rules that structure a language, including syntax (the arrangement of words to form phrases and sentences) and morphology (the study of words and how they are formed). Generative grammar is a theory of grammar that holds that human language is shaped by a set of basic principles that are part of the human brain (and even present in the brains of small children). This universal grammar, according to linguists like Chomsky, comes from our innate language faculty. In Linguists for Non-Linguists, Frank Parker and Kathryn Riley argue that generative grammar is a kind of unconscious knowledge that allows a person, no matter what language they speak, to form correct sentences: Simply put, a generative grammar is a theory of competence: a model of the psychological system of unconscious knowledge that underlies a speakers ability to produce and interpret utterances in a language...A good way of trying to understand [Noam] Chomskys point is to think of a generative grammar as essentially a definition of competence: a set of criteria that linguistic structures must meet to be judged acceptable. Generative grammar is distinct from other grammars such as prescriptive grammar, which attempts to establish standardized language rules that certain usages right or wrong, and descriptive grammar, which attempts to describe language as it is actually used (including the study of pidgins and dialects). Instead, generative grammar attempts to get at something deeper- the foundational principles that make language possible across all of humanity. For example, a prescriptive grammarian may study how parts of speech are ordered in English sentences, with the goal of laying out rules (nouns precede verbs in simple sentences, for example). A linguist studying generative grammar, however, is more likely to be interested in issues such as how nouns are distinguished from verbs across multiple languages. Principles of Generative Grammar The main principle of generative grammar is that all humans are born with an innate capacity for language- and that this capacity shapes the rules for what is considered correct grammar in a language. The idea of an innate language capacity- or a universal grammar- is not accepted by all linguists. Some believe, to the contrary, that all languages are learned, and therefore based on certain constraints. Proponents of the universal grammar argument believe that children, when they are very young, are not exposed to enough linguistic information to learn the rules of grammar. That children do in fact learn the rules of grammar is proof, according to some linguists, that there is an innate language capacity that allows them to overcome the poverty of the stimulus. Examples of Generative Grammar As generative grammar is a theory of competence, one way to test it is with what is called a grammaticality judgment task. This involves presenting a native speaker with a series of sentences and having them decide whether the sentences are grammatical (acceptable) or ungrammatical (unacceptable). For example: The man is happy.Happy man is the. A native speaker would judge the first sentence to be acceptable and the second to be unacceptable. From this, we can make certain assumptions about the rules governing the order of parts of speech in English sentences (for instance, a to be verb linking a noun and an adjective must follow the noun and precede the adjective).

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a staycation to tourists Essay

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a staycation to tourists - Essay Example It is also simple to plan because it does not require complicated logistical process such as packing, travelling, and waiting at the airport. In addition, it does not involve hotel booking (Coles, 2013, pg 35). Staycation allows tourists to be flexible in setting their schedule for the staycation and they can organize and arrange their own touring activities and accomplish them within their time frame (Carr, 2013). According to Munday (2013) staycation promotes a county’s economy by encouraging internal tourism. Botteril & Maitland (2014) argues that staycation tourism is convenient as it involves travelling in short distances and its preparations minimal. He also state that staycationers can run their business and take care of their home as their have much fun elsewhere. A staycation have a positive impact on local businesses (Williams & Fidgeon, 2000). This is so because staycationers buy products from these businesses while on visit to various sites. In other words they becomes customers to these businesses. Staycation may be less thrilling and adventurous (Coles, 2013). Most of them leads to boredom as most of the activities take place in one location (Carr, 2013). It is also a challenge that a tourist would spend more than expected with the impression that they have saved a lot of money by cutting on traveling cost (Botterill & Maitland 2014). As a matter of fact staycationers are close to their home and place of work. They may be tempted to go to work part of the day and go for a staycation for the rest of the day. This unpopular balance between leisure and work may have severe and dire consequences on ones work performance (Dolnicar & Leisch, 2003). As tourism product increases rapidly in the global market, one need to understand clearly the factors that affect tourism destination selection (Godfrey, 1999). One need to comprehend the fact that product choice is imperative. Tourist

Journal #8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal #8 - Essay Example These decisions are very fundamental to the way these players score goals. A neuroscientist from the Karolinska Institute, Sweden, argues that the process of scoring top goals by these players entails working with information quickly, and making accurate and timely decisions about the situation (Bhanoo 1). Researchers have also proved that more brain power can be seen in top soccer scorers by conducting standardized tests on different players. These tests were meant to assess and gauge rule making skills, creativity, and problem solving skills. The people who scores highest were the Swedish soccer players who belong to some of the most elite leagues. Players belonging to lower divisions followed. The non-players that underwent the test finished behind the top players and the players of lower divisions. The differences were notably huge. This led to the conclusion that strong brain executive functions are necessary for one to become a good player (Bhanoo 1). Bhanoo, Sindya A. More Brain Power Seen in Soccer’s Top Scorers. The New York Times 9 Apr. 2012. Web. 12 Apr. 2012.

What Is Meant by the Term Organisational Culture Essay Example for Free

What Is Meant by the Term Organisational Culture Essay The late twentieth century saw an emergence in industry competition and in order to continually achieve success, organisational behavior had to evolve into something new. Organisational culture is one form of organisational behavior that is focused on the shared values and beliefs which members and employees of a specific organisation believe to be the right way to act in a particular situation (Vecchio, 2000). Just like other theories of organisational behavior, the purpose of culture theory is to gain knowledge of employee attitudes so that organisations can reduce cost and improve production (Stanford, 2010). The aim of this essay is to show the rise of culture belief in organisations, and why it can play an important role in organisational performance. First it will provide a history of the literature, then present different concepts that can be seen, such as has and is theory strong and weak cultures. Finally it will identify positive effects it can have on organisations and employees. The rise of Humanistic theories From the 1920s to the early 1970s Scientific Management was widely adopted by Western companies because it was an easy structure to implement by managers in an organisation to achieve success and control over employees (Burnes, 1996). However with the oil crises in 1973 interest in the Japanese model of production spread to the World (Brown and Williams, 2012). This happened because the Japanese were achieving what no other organisation had ever achieved; in addition they were contradicting every previous concept of production (Vecchio, 2000). When organisations around the World were practicing mass production, the Japanese were developing the just-in-time approach. This is when the raw material would only be ordered just-in-time to be produced, and production would only start just-in-time to be delivered to the costumer, avoiding waste and contributing towards a more effective cash flow; additionally they were practicing team work (Brown and Williams, 2012). Employees were involved in decision making and projects would be integrated at different levels from the marketing and finance department to the shop floor (Vecchio, 2000). This reduced alienation and empowered employees, the results were considerable and were seen as a miracle by Western organisations. Therefore, as a response to the Japaneses new challenging approach, western organisations began to explore different models of behavior (Burnes, 1996). That is when the theories that were more humanistic (Human Resource Management, Culture theory and Contingency approach) were rediscovered and adopted. In 1982 Peters and Waterman (1982) suggested that the key to the recovery of Western companies was the implementation of organisational culture. In their study they analysed several different organisations from the USA and identified a list of eight common beliefs that according to them were the reasons for their success (Mullins, 2011). Thus, if a company wishes to achieve ‘excellence’ they should embrace those beliefs. Customer orientation, respectful treatment beyond different level of employees and a set of values through a clear organisation philosophy were a few of those common attributes (Burnes, 1996). They argue that when employees have organisational values integrated within their actions, there is no need for close supervision, reducing organisation cost and empowering employees (ibid). Therefore, managers should adopt a system where employees have more freedom, nevertheless managers would still have some kind of control (Brewis and Willmott, 2012). It was this study in the 80’s that made famous among managers culture theory as a recipe for success (ibid). Peter and Waterman sent their message to the world as the one best way to be successful. Concepts of Culture Most writers (including Peter and Waterman cited above) that are concerned with culture theory believe that managers can implement and manipulate culture in order to improve organisational success (Brewis and Willmott, 2012). This assumption that culture is a variable and can be changed is explained by Smircich (1983) as culture being something that an organisation ‘has’. For instance, managers could build a value into an organisation and its employee, such as, customer satisfaction and team work to increase productivity. According to Brewis and Willmott (2012) in the has theory, culture can be seen as functional and technical. It is functional because it establishes an order in an organisation, it will lead all employees in the same direction. Additionally work is meaningful to them, which may be seen as empowerment. It is technical because managers can continually administrate core values of a company to achieve better outcome (Brewis and Willmott, 2012). Indeed that m ay be the reason why the subject is so popular today; it is connected with better performance. Has theory can also be associated with strong culture. Deal and Kennedy (1982) believe that in order to achieve success an organisation should implement a clear and consistent set of values, which enable employees to assume how to behave as the way to do things here. If employees feel for the company, if it touches them in some way, they will follow its leaders anywhere because they value, even idolize, everything it stands for (Linstead, 2012, p.197). This approach is supposed to increase employee loyalty and to trigger strong emotions, such as, aspiration, devotion and love (Linstead, 2012). However it is also argued that strong culture may lead to a predictable staff outcome, discouraging new ideas (Brewis and Willmott, 2012). Nevertheless, a considerable number of managers confirm that the structure that culture provides to an organisation has a direct link with its prosperity (Mullins, 2011). On the other hand, some writers view culture as something an organisation is (Smircich, 1983). It is suggested that just like in life where humans develop a behavior that it is a result of their local surrounding, in organisations employees too develop a behavior on a daily bases (Brewis and Willmott 2012). It is created organically and difficult to understand where the roots of it came from, hence hard to manage and change (Stanford, 2010). Is theory sympathises with what literature calls a weak culture. Here the subject is treated more flexible, giving more room for scope, and creativity (Linstead, 2012). It is a debate whether an organisation should adopt strong or weak cultural values; strong cultures may be inflexible and as consequence can react slower to external and internal changes (Stanford, 2010). The link between culture and empowerment According to Stanford (2010) an effective culture would be when employees believe that there are more reasons to work than to just make money, when work is meaningful to them. In addition she believes that the employee should feel engaged within the job, without breaching ethical issues (Stanford, 2010). It should be noted that organisational culture enable human resource management to affiliate organisational values with new employee values, and when both share common beliefs the results can be beneficial for either side. Employees feel fulfillment and managers benefit from this in terms of a more efficient production (Vecchio, 2000). This suggests that managers are paying attention to organisational culture because it empowers employees and as a result boosts productivity. Therefore it can be argued that ‘culture theory seems to achieve what a range of studies have tried to understand for decades, that is how to reward and empower individuals at work in order to improve organisational performance. Hawthornes study in the 1920s draws attention to the fact that humans are not only driven by monetary incentives as stated by Taylor, instead it shows that there is a desire for recognition (Linstead, 2012). Employees need to feel that they are being valued. However at the time it did not demonstrate clear enough how to measure these concepts in organisational practice (Burnes, 1996). Culture theory developed those assumptions in more detail, making it easier for managers to manipulate and implement. Certainly the approaches created by culture theory reaffirm what numerous studies such as Job design, Theory Y and Maslow already said, however it appears that it glued several ideas from those studies into a clear module for organisation practices. In spite of that, culture theory has been criticised to manipulate and control employees in a way that could be seen as unethical (Linstead, 2012). It should be noted that there is an element of control; just like in life, organisations need a mechanism for social order. For Marxists, organisation culture tries to control employees’ emotions and that is a form of exploitation and inevitably will lead to alienation (ibid). Nevertheless, it can be argued that most employees dont feel controlled, and they actually approve of the methodology (ibid). Conclusion Organisation behavior has developed from Scientific Management into a wide school of thoughts, and it will continue to evolve in response to challenging business environments. This essay has given reasons for the widespread use of organisation culture since 1982. It has demonstrated through different concepts why managers are attracted to the topic and it can be concluded that what provokes manager’s interest is the idea that culture is something an organisation has. In this approach, culture can be manipulated to integrate all employees toward the same direction and achieve organisational goals. In addition it can be assumed that when employee values are aligned with company values it results in better organisation performance. For that reason, it is suggested that there is a link between organisation performance and employee empowerment. Culture is seen as the commodity that holds an organisation together. It seems then, that culture, despite its criticism, will probably continue to develop as the demand for it endures on. References Brewis, J. and Willmott, H. Culture. In Knights, D. and Willmott, H. eds. (2012) Introducing Organizational Behaviour and Management. 2th ed. Andover: Cengage Learning. Brown, G. and Hookham Williams, C. (2013) ULMS151 Organisations and Management Custom Text. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Burnes, B. (1996) Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics. 2th ed. London: Pitman Publishing. Deal, T.E. and Kennedy, A.A. (1982) Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. Linstead, S. Managing Culture. In Worthington, F. ed. (2013) ULMS157 Introdution to HRM Custom Text. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Mullins, L.J. (2011) Essentials of Organisational Behaviour. 3th ed. Harlow: FT/ Prentice Hall. Peters, T.J. and Waterman, R.H. (1982) In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America’s Best – run Companies. New York: Harper. Smircich, L. (1983) Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(3), 339-358. Stanford, N. (2010) Organisation Culture: Getting it right. London: Profile Books. Vecchio, R.P. (2000) Organizational Behavior: core concepts. 4th ed. Fort Worth: Dryden Press.

Roles for Women in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeth's Roles for Women      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth there is only one significant woman, the all-controlling figure of Lady Macbeth, on whom lies responsibility for the main action in the drama - the murder of Duncan. We shall mostly study her role in this essay.    Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare contradict the impression that the female protagonist is all strength:    Lady Macbeth is of a finer and more delicate nature. Having fixed her eye upon the end - the attainment for her husband of Duncan's crown - she accepts the inevitable means; she nerves herself for the terrible night's work by artificial stimulants; yet she cannot strike the sleeping king who resembles her father. Having sustained her weaker husband, her own strength gives way; and in sleep, when her will cannot control her thoughts, she is piteously afflicted by the memory of one stain of blood upon her little hand.   (792)    In "Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action" Francis Fergusson enlightens the reader concerning the fears weakening Lady Macbeth:      I do not need to remind you of the great scenes preceding the murder, in which Macbeth and his Lady pull themselves together for their desperate effort. If you think over these scenes, you will notice that the Macbeths understand the action which begins here as a competition and a stunt, against reason and against nature. Lady Macbeth fears her husband's human nature, as well as her own female nature, and therefore she fears the light of reason and the common daylight world. (108)    In "Memoranda: Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth," Sarah Siddons comments on how the feminine role of the leading lady is not a typical one as regards attitude:    [Macbeth] announces the King's approach; and she, insensible it should seem to all the perils which he has encountered in battle, and to all the happiness of his safe return to her, -- for not one kind word of greeting or congratulations does she offer, -- is so entirely swallowed up by the horrible design, which has probably been suggested to her by his letters, as to have forgotten both the one and the other. It is very remarkable that Macbeth is frequent in expressions of tenderness to his wife, while she never betrays one symptom of affection towards him, till, in the fiery furnace of affliction, her iron heart is melted down to softness. Roles for Women in Shakespeare's Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework Macbeth's Roles for Women      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth there is only one significant woman, the all-controlling figure of Lady Macbeth, on whom lies responsibility for the main action in the drama - the murder of Duncan. We shall mostly study her role in this essay.    Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare contradict the impression that the female protagonist is all strength:    Lady Macbeth is of a finer and more delicate nature. Having fixed her eye upon the end - the attainment for her husband of Duncan's crown - she accepts the inevitable means; she nerves herself for the terrible night's work by artificial stimulants; yet she cannot strike the sleeping king who resembles her father. Having sustained her weaker husband, her own strength gives way; and in sleep, when her will cannot control her thoughts, she is piteously afflicted by the memory of one stain of blood upon her little hand.   (792)    In "Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action" Francis Fergusson enlightens the reader concerning the fears weakening Lady Macbeth:      I do not need to remind you of the great scenes preceding the murder, in which Macbeth and his Lady pull themselves together for their desperate effort. If you think over these scenes, you will notice that the Macbeths understand the action which begins here as a competition and a stunt, against reason and against nature. Lady Macbeth fears her husband's human nature, as well as her own female nature, and therefore she fears the light of reason and the common daylight world. (108)    In "Memoranda: Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth," Sarah Siddons comments on how the feminine role of the leading lady is not a typical one as regards attitude:    [Macbeth] announces the King's approach; and she, insensible it should seem to all the perils which he has encountered in battle, and to all the happiness of his safe return to her, -- for not one kind word of greeting or congratulations does she offer, -- is so entirely swallowed up by the horrible design, which has probably been suggested to her by his letters, as to have forgotten both the one and the other. It is very remarkable that Macbeth is frequent in expressions of tenderness to his wife, while she never betrays one symptom of affection towards him, till, in the fiery furnace of affliction, her iron heart is melted down to softness.

Bring Mobile Phones to School Essay

It has been debated nationwide and even worldwide for and against students being allowed to bring mobile phones to school. Usually, a school consists of three parts namely, the Primary, Middle and Upper section. We live in the 21st century which is very much a digital age and nowadays, almost every student other than in primary section, has a mobile phone. In my opinion, mobile phones are good for children as long as they are educated in its appropriate usage and the privilege given without being abused. Here are some reasons and benefits as to why students should bring phones to school. In the past, children had less activities in and after school and parents often never knew where their children were until they came home. In today’s world, children are so involved in after school activities such as clubs and societies, sports, music and tuition as directed by parents. Parents need to coordinate with the children, coaches, teachers in charge and other parties within their bus y day to day schedules. Mobile phones allow parents to communicate with children at any time. Parents can check up on children and arrange transportation or relay important information if necessary. This supports organizing the daily schedule as we go along the day’s activities and increases the safety aspect. Mobile phones can also be an invaluable tool in emergency situations. For instance, if a student is severely injured or there is a crisis situation, cell phones can allow students to contact authorities for help. This can be especially important for students who do not travel to and from school with a parent, but in public transportation or school vans. It also helps children to have communication and build up networks amongst groups of common interests. Facilities like SMS allow to reach and communicate with large groups instantly with a record for future references, which also will save time and money. This option is also an advantage for teachers to reach their students at large in an effective manner for common messages. Further, with the added options such as Dictionary, Thesaurus, Reminders, e-mails and camera, the mobile phone expands the knowledge base and the capacity of a child and his scope. These features are commonly available in all mobile phones. Moreover, the student who carries a mobile phone has to protect it, be disciplined in it’s usage and also has to be knowledgeable in using it to his or her benefit. This improves the capacity of responsibility, self-discipline and knowledge sharing of the child which are very important attributes in a person’s life.  In conclusion, I think students should be allowed to bring mobile phones to school under the parents’ guidance and the schools should be clear in communicating its rules and regulations in terms of usage of the phones within school hours.

 Business Law Case

Brown is a farmer who, amongst other activities, has been in the business of raising chickens on large scale. The baby chicks require a continuous supply of a oxygen to survive and the necessary equipment for that purpose is connected to the electric power supplies to the farm. In thee past brown had suffered a minor loss of chickens from an interruption in this electric service and had, as a result, installed an auxiliary battery operated power generator in the barn to be available as an emergency back-up. He had taken further precaution of having a battery-operated power failure detector in his bedroom so that if the electrical power in the farmhouse failed, a warning signal would alert him to the potential danger of loss of electricity to his operation.ElectriChauncey is a driver for Gardiner transport ltd. While driving the company’s truck on a night run, Chauncey allowed the vehicle to wander onto the shoulder of the road where the upper part struck overhead wires. As a r esult, electric power service in the areas was interrupted for a periods of five hours. The interruption extinguished the supply of oxygen to browns’ barn and some 30,000 chickens died. Unfortunately, brown had temporarily disconnected the alarm detector in his bedroom and so on the one occasion when he needed it, it was not in operation. Brown bought an action for damages against both Chauncey and Gardiner transport ltd, to compensate him fir the loss of his chickens.Discuss the merits of the plaintiff’s (plaintiff) case? What will be the de fences?

How to Deal with Bad Lab Partners

How to Deal with Bad Lab Partners Have you ever taken a lab class and had lab partners that didnt do their share of the work, broke equipment, or wouldnt work together with you? This situation can be really hard, but there are steps you can take to make things better. Talk to Your Lab Partners This may be harder than it sounds, if your problem is that you and your lab partners dont speak the same language (which is relatively common in science and engineering), but you can improve your working relationship with your lab partners if you can explain to them whats bothering you. Also, you need to explain what you would like them to do that you feel would make things better. Be prepared to compromise, since your lab partner may want you to make some changes, too. Keep in mind, you and your partner may come from very different cultures, even if youre from the same country. Avoid sarcasm or being too nice because theres a good chance you wont get your message across. If language is a problem, seek an interpreter or draw pictures, if necessary. If One or Both of You Dont Want to Be There The work still has to get done. If you know your partner wont do it, yet your grade or your career is on the line, you need to accept that youre going to do all of the work. Now, you can still make sure it is evident your partner was slacking. On the other hand, if you both resent doing the work, its reasonable to work out an arrangement. You might find you work better together once you acknowledge you hate the task. Willing But Unable If you have a lab partner who is willing to help, yet incompetent or klutzy, try to find harmless tasks that allow the partner to participate without damaging your data or your health. Ask for input, let the partner record data and try to avoid stepping on toes. If the clueless partner is a permanent fixture in your environment, its in your best interest to train them. Start with simple tasks, clearly explaining the steps, reasons for specific actions, and desired results. Be friendly and helpful, not condescending. If you are successful in your task, youll gain a valuable ally in the lab and possibly even a friend. Theres Bad Blood Between You Maybe you and your lab partner had an argument or theres past history. Perhaps you simply dont like each other. Unfortunately, its not always possible to escape from such a situation. You can ask your supervisor to reassign one or both of you, but youll run the risk of getting a reputation of being hard to work with. If you decide to ask for a change, its probably better to cite a different reason for the request. If you absolutely must work together, try setting boundaries that limit how much you actually have to interact. Make your expectations clear so both of you can do the work and retreat. Take it to the Next Level Its better to try to work out problems with your lab partners than to seek intervention from a teacher or supervisor. However, you might need help or advice from someone higher up. This might be the case when you realize you cant meet a deadline or complete an assignment without more time or changing the work dynamic. If you decide to talk to someone about your problems, present the situation calmly and without bias. You have a problem; you need help finding a solution. This may be difficult, but its a valuable skill to master. Practice Makes Perfect Having trouble with lab partners comes with the territory. The social skills you can master dealing with lab partners will help you, whether youre only taking one lab class or are making a career out of lab work. No matter what you do, youll have to learn to work well with others, including people who are incompetent, lazy or just dont want to work with you. If you are making a career of science, you need to recognize and accept youll be a member of a team.

Asthma Essay With Conclusions

Asthma Essay With Conclusions Asthma is one of the major chronic respiratory conditions which alter the respiratory function of the body. The World Health Organisation or WHO (2012) defines asthma as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterised by frequent episodes of breathlessness and wheezing. This difficulty in breathing is caused by the swelling and constricting of the airways. Exposure to allergens, pollutants, cold air, infection and exercise can increase the risk of asthmatics having an attack (Funnel, Koutoukidis and Lawrence 2009). This essay will discuss on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, medical management and clinical manifestations of asthma. It will also cover the client education needed to provide for those with asthma, asthma’s risk factors and its prognosis. According to the National Asthma Council of Australia or NACA (2006) more than 2.2 million Australians are suffering from asthma. This essay will therefore also describe how asthma impacts on its victims and their life style. Kaufman (2011) describes the pathophysiology of asthma as a pathologic condition which affects the lower respiratory tract by narrowing the airways as a result of epithelial damage, excessive mucus production, oedema, bronchoconstriction and muscle damage. In asthma the cells in the epithelium layer can be destroyed and peel away, making the respiratory tract more susceptible to allergens and infections, thereby contributing to airway hyper-responsiveness (Kaufman 2011). Asthma also triggers the development of mucus cells and mucus glands. This increases mucus production, thus forming mucous plugs which can obstruct the airways (Monahan et al. 2007). Airway oedema is another change that occurs in the respiratory tract due to asthma. It involves the dilation and leaking of capillaries in the airway walls which limits airflow (Kaufman 2011). Monahan et al. (2007) add that increased capillary permeability and leakage can obstruct the airways due to swelling. They also explain t hat the inflammatory agents such as histamine, tryptase, leukotriences and prostaglandins act on smooth muscles of airway walls and cause bronchoconstriction which restricts the airflow to alveoli. Brown and Edwards (2012) write that wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and cough are the most common clinical manifestations of asthma. They can occur especially at night and in the early morning and can vary from person to person. It is not necessary to have all the symptoms at once as different symptoms can occur at different times. According to NACA (2006) frequent cough, feeling weak, wheezing after exercise, shortness of breath and sleeping difficulties can be early signs of asthma while severe wheezing, continuous cough, rapid breathing, anxiety, chest pain, blue lips and fingernails are the symptoms of severe asthma attacks. Diagnosing asthma can be done by obtaining a detailed history, performing physical examinations, pulmonary function testing, and laboratory assessments (Ignatavicius and Workman 2010) According to Ignatavicius and Workman (2010) it is important to ask patients about any experiences of having shortness of breath, cough, chest tightness, wheeze and increased mucus production as well as about their smoking habits and any family history of asthma. The same source write that physical examinations can be performed by listening to the patient’s chest for any wheezing sounds and observing respiratory effort by assessing the respiratory rate and examining whether the patient is using any accessory muscles to breathe. They add that the shape of the chest also needs to be examined, as a barrel-shaped chest can be a sign of prolonged asthma. In addition, the oral mucosa and nail beds need to be examined for any bluish tinge (Ignatavicius and Workman 2010).

Ethics and Social Reqponsibiliities Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics and Social Reqponsibiliities Paper - Essay Example Nike abused workers in various third world countries with sweetshop operations which violated human rights and working standards. In India in 1984 there was a huge gas leak accident cause by Corporation which could have been prevented if the company followed the safety standards of developed nations. This paper analyzes the statement â€Å"Strict governmental regulations are necessary to make companies behave ethically. The essay provides an analysis of the statement to illustrate whether the statement is true of false. Ethics and corporate responsibility are the two concepts used to dissect the statement. Ethics is the rules of conduct that are considered to determine if an action is right or wrong (Webster’s II, 1984). Most corporations especially public firms have established codes of ethics to set guidelines for the behavior of its employees. These written documents many times are not proactively referenced and utilized by the firms. In their host country many companies act and practice legitimate business practices, but once the opportunity surges to break the rules in foreign land it is another story. Ethics are suppose to be universal principles, but competitive forces at times drive company and its management staff into unethical decision due to the pressure to achieve results. A company establish in a foreign country such as the South American nation of Peru can legally abide by the standards set in that nation and if the norms in this nation are softer in different operating aspects the company will take advantage of it and lower their standards in order to reduce cos ts. The regulations about environmental issues set by agencies such as EPA are tough. If in Peru a company does not have to comply with certain air quality standards a company will not purchase the machinery and equipment necessary to comply with the US standard. The premise that strict governmental